Image-projecting apparatus.



Patented Aug. 19, [902. c. w. G-ABMAN. F IMAGE PRUJECTING APPARATUS.

(Application filed m 9, 1902.)

3 Shaets8heat I.

(No Model.)

i-HEEEE Inventor:

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' JLM/ kill tturn No. 707,D84. Patented Aug. 19, I902.

C. W. CARMAN.

IMAGE PROJEGTING APPARATUS.

(Application filed May 9, 1902.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

Inven or: E

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IMAGE- PROJECTING APPARATUS.

srncrrrcarron forming part of Letters 1=atent No. 707,084, dated August19, 1902. Application filed May 9,1902. Serial No. 106,525. (N0 model.)

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. CARMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Image-ProjectingApparatus, (Case No. 8,) of which the following is a full, clear,concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for projecting images upon screens.

Heretofore it has been customary to project images upon screens by theuse of so-called lantern-slides. It has also been customary to arrangethe optical bench of a stereopticon in such a way that experimentalapparatus may be mounted between the condenser-lens and theobjective-lens'in such a way as to throw its shadow on the screen butsuch apparatus has been limited to small objects whose shadows form anefficient and instructive projection. Other projecting apparatus hasbeen heretofore devised by means of which imagesfrom microscopic slidesmay be thrown upon a screen.

In all of the above apparatus the rays of light passing from the lamp tothe screen pass through and around the picture to be thrown upon thescreen. Thus it is always necessary to mount the desired picture on apiece of glass or other transparent medium. Inimy improved projectingapparatus I provide a means by which the image or picture of any objectmay be directly thrown upon a screen in its true proportion and colorswithout the use of lantern-slides. This object may be, for instance, thepage of a book or m anuscript, a colored picture, any experimentalapparatus or specimen, or a living insect or animal.

The objects of my invention are to arrange in efficient and convenientcombination with the above opaque projector mechanism by which eitherdissolving stereopticon views or views from microscopic slides or theusual experimental apparatus can be projected, thereby providing anefficient and convenient single apparatus which is capable of employmenteither as an opaque projector or in any of the ways in which astereopticon may be used.

My invention will be more readily under stood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation.Fig. 2 represents a front view of the apparatus without itssupporting-frame. Fig. 3 represents a rear view of the same. Fig. 4 is aside view with the doors partially open to show the internalarrangement. Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line of Fig. 4.

The apparatus which I have shown in the drawings for illustrating myinvention consists of a carrying-frame 1, pivotally mounted upon astandard 2. The frame 1 conveniently consists of front and rear frames 3and 4 and connecting cross-pieces 5 and 6. Frame 1 supports the hollowcasing 7, which contains the opaque reflector and the apparatuscomprising the stereopticon and the associated lamp mechanism. Thecasing 7 preferably consists of a hollow cylindrical casing 8, from thefront end'of which, project three hollow conical tubes 9, 10, and 1 1.

A rotary object carrier 12 is'preferably mounted at the rear of thecylindrical casing 7. y This object-carrier conveniently comprises apair of disks 13 13, arranged parallel with one another, and a pair ofintersecting plates 14 14, which extend transversely to the disks 13 13and are equal in length to the diameter of said disks. Theseintersecting plates 14 14 thus form four supports, and each of thesesupports is preferably provided with an object-holder15. 1 These holdersare preferably made adjustable relatively to their supports-as, forexample, by connecting them to theouter edges of the plates 14 14 bymeans of hinges 16 l6--and are provided with adjusting devices-as, forexample, the slotted strips 17 17 and the knurled screws 18 18. Each ofthese slotted strips 17 is fastened to one of the hinged object-holders15, while its associated knurled screw 18 screws into the adjacentsupporting-plate 14. Each objectholder can thus be swung about thispivotal connection 16, so as to vary its inclination to its support 14,and can be securely held in such adjustment by means of the slottedstrip 17 and its associated screw 18. Clips 15 are conveniently providedfor the purpose of firmly holding objects in place upon theobject-holder. This rotary object-carrier 12 thus constructed ispreferably mounted for rotation at the rear of the hollow casing 7, aconvenient way being to provide the disks 1'3 13 with pivot-pins 19 19.The casing 7 is provided with projecting plates 20 20, in which areprovided the bearings 21 21 for the accommodation of the pivot-pins 1919. A cylindrical inclosing casing 21 preferably of sheet metal, isrigidly fastened to the plates 20 and the casing 7 in such a way as toinclose the front part of the rotary object-carrier 12. The axis ofrotation of the carrier 12 is only slightly above the lower edge of thecasing 7, so that the middle of the object-holder 15 when in a verticalposition is about on a horizontal line with the axis of the cylindricalcasing 7. 'Thus any objectas, for instance, the picture 22When mountedupon the holder 15 and turned into a vertical position is directly inline with the axis of the lens 23, adjustably mounted in the tube 10. Ifnow this lens 23 be properly adjusted and the object 22 be sufficientlyilluminated, the apparatus will throw upon a screen placed in a darkenedroom a proper distance in front of the lens 23 an image of the object 22perfect in form and color.

For the purpose of affordinga proper illumination of the object 22 Ipreferably provide the lamps 24 and 25. These lamps may be of anydesired construction, such as electricarc lamps or oxyhydrogen-burners.Those I have shown are lamps intended to burn acetylene gas and areprovided with burners 26 26 and parabolic reflectors 27 27. The lamps 24and are respectively mounted in hollow conical projections 9 and 10.Each of these conical projections preferably carries a boxlikereceptacle 28, adapted to accommodate and form a support for the base ofthe lamps 24 and 25. Each lamp is pivotally mounted, so that it may beturned to throw its light either along a line parallel with the axis ofthe casing 7, as best illustrated by lamp 25, or so that it may beturned to throw its light through the lenses 29 and 30, constitutingtransparent walls, directly upon the object 22, mounted upon theobject-holder 15. The levers 31 31 are provided to effect the turn ingof the lamps 24 and 25, and knurled screws 32 32 to secure the lamps ineither of their two alternate positions. In an axial line with each ofthe lamps 24 and 25 there is preferably provided a condenser-lens 34.Beds 36 36 and 37 37 conveniently form optical benches upon which may bemounted any of the apparatus usually associated with stereopticons.Mounted upon rods 37 37 are shown a lanternslide holder 38 and an objective-lens 39. Upon the rods 36 36 may be mounted a projectingmicroscope or any experimental apparatus of the usual form. Openings 4O40 are provided at the rear of the casing 7 to allow the light from thelenses 34 34 to pass on its way to the screen. It will thus be seen thatwhile the light from the lens 23 passes out from the front of the casingthe light from the lamps when used as stereopticon-lamps passes out atthe back of the casing.

In order to facilitate the'use of the same screen for both projections,the casing 7 and carrying-frame 1 may be turned upon the pivotalconnection with the standard 2, so as to make either lens throw itslight toward the screen. The casing 7 is pivotally mounted upon pivots41 41, which are adapted to turn in bearings 42 42, provided in theframe 1. I have also shown a lever-handle 43, with the slotted quadrant44, by means of which the casing may be readily turned and clamped bymeans of a thumb-screw 45 in any desirable position of rotation. Thusthe lens 23 may be made to point in a vertical direction while therotating object-carrier is underneath,with the illuminated object-holderin a horizontal instead of a vertical plane. tion it is wished to throwthe image upon a vertical screen, a mirror may be used to deflect therays of light emanating from the lens 23 from a vertical to a horizontalpath. Doors 46 46 are provided, so as to form a ready means of access tothe interior of the casing 7.

It will thus be seen that by the use of my invention a simple, compact,convenient, and efficient apparatus is provided, by means of which allthe various kinds of projections may be thrown upon the same screen inrapid succession.

While I have herein shown and particularly described the preferredembodiment of my invention, I do not wish to limit myself to the preciseconstruction and arrangement as herein shown and particularly described;but,

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent-- 1. An opaque reflector having a rotaryobject-carrier, provided witha plurality of radially-disposedobject-holders, pivotally mounted at the periphery of the object-carrierand meeting at the axis thereof, movable toward and from the axis, andmeans for securing the object-holders in adjustment, substantially asdescribed.

2. In an opaque reflector, a rotary objectcarrier, comprising a pair ofdisks arranged parallel with one another intersecting plates formingradially-disposed supports, objectholders pivotally connected to theouter edges of the said supports, and adjusting means for securingswinging adjustment of the objectholders with respect to the plates,substantially as described.

3. An opaque reflector comprising a hollow body, consisting of a rearcylindric casing, a lens-tube extending forwardly from the easing, anobject-carrier rotatably supported by the said casing, and including aplurality of radially-disposed supports, each provided with anobject-holder, the said holders being pivotallysecured to theirsupports, while the carrier is so mounted that the holders can bebrought into projecting position in succes- If in this posision by therotation of the carrier, lampboxes on opposite sides of the hollow body,lamps arranged in said boxes,and transparent walls between the lamps andthe object-carrier, substantially as described.

4. In an image-projector, the combination with a rotary object-carrier,of a plurality of object-holders, pivoted at the periphery of theobject-carrier, and movable toward and from the axis of rotationthereof, and means whereby the object-holders may be adjusted toward andfrom the axis of rotation, the said means including slotted strips 17,one for each object-holder, and extending at right angles to theobject-holder, and fasteningscrews passing through the slots,substantially as described.

5. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a pluralityof image-projecting means, of a pivotally-mounted source of lightadapted to be operatively associated With one or the other of the saidimage-projecting means by its rotation, the said imageprojecting meansserving to cast images in opposite directions with respect to eachother, and a pivotal mounting for the aforesaid mechanism, whereby theapparatus may be adjusted to throw images upon the same screen atdifferent times from both imageprojecting means, substantially asdescribed.

6. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination with a plurality of image-projecting means serving toproject images in opposite directions with respect to each other, of asource of light adj ustably mounted, whereby it may be operativelyassociated with one or the other of the said image-projecting means, anda rotatable mounting for the above apparatus, whereby the apparatus maybe adjusted to throw images upon the same screen at different times fromboth imageprojecting means, substantially as described.

7. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a pluralityof image-projecting means serving to project images in oppositedirections with respect to each other, of a source of light common tothe plurality of image-projecting means, and a rotatable mounting forthe above apparatus, whereby the apparatus may be adjusted to throwimages upon the same screen at different times from bothimage-projecting means, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 6th day of May, A.D. 1902.

CHARLES W. GARMAN.

Witnesses:

GEORGE L. CRAGG, JOHN STAHR.

